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Category Archives: Liquidity Guarantee

An Update on All Things TARP

On January 30, 2009, Rob Klingler presented An Update on All Things TARP at the Alabama Bankers Association Community Bank Directors College.  The presentation gives an overview of the TARP Capital Purchase Program and FDIC’s Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program.

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Issuance of FDIC Guaranteed Debt

Over the last several weeks, we have had further conversations with clients and the FDIC regarding the details of the Debt Guarantee Program under the FDIC’s Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program.  In the course of these conversations, we have noticed a misunderstanding of several key components of the program.

  • Lines of Credit are not Senior Unsecured Debt. Under the regulations, senior unsecured debt must have “a specified and fixed principal amount.”  (12 CFR 370.2(e)(1).)  As a result, lines of credit are not eligible for an FDIC guarantee, and should not be included in calculating the amount of senior unsecured debt outstanding at September 30, 2008.
  • 2% of Liabilities Test is Only Available for Depository Institutions. If a bank holding company had no “senior unsecured debt” outstanding at September 30, 2008 (and remember that lines of credit are not included), then its maximum amount of guaranteed debt that can be issued is zero.  Only depository institutions themselves (and not their parent entities) can take advantage of the alternative cap of 2% of the total liabilities outstanding as of September 30, 2008.
  • Approvals to Establish or Increase a Debt Guarantee Cap will be “Very Rare.” The regulations provide a process for entities to establish or increase a debt guarantee cap.  However, we understand that all applications go to the highest levels of the FDIC in Washington DC, and there face high levels of scrutiny.  No timeframe has been provided, but given the level of scrutiny and DC review, bottlenecks are virtually guaranteed to develop.  We understand that the FDIC has lots of applications currently in the system, but the FDIC believes that approvals will be “very rare.”

FDIC Clarifies Use of Guaranteed Debt to Provide Capital

We have previously posted on the possibility of bank holding companies using the TLGP Debt Guarantee to provide capital to subsidiary banks.  In that post, we commented on the odds of success and noted that the FDIC had not taken a formal position.  Today, the FDIC updated its TLGP FAQ and confirmed that the odds of success are in fact very low.

The FDIC’s revised answer states:

Can guaranteed debt issued by the parent company be put in a subsidiary bank as capital?

The FDIC envisions few if any circumstances under which it would approve holding company applications to establish a cap or to increase a cap where the proceeds from the resulting guaranteed debt issuance would be injected as capital into a subsidiary bank.  The Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program was not intended to be a capital enhancement program.  The Treasury Department’s TARP program has been set up for that purpose.  The purpose of the Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program is to restore liquidity to the intermediate term debt market.

As a reminder, the TLGP’s alternative guarantee cap of 2% of liabilities only applies to depository institutions.  Bank holding companies are not entitled to use the 2% of liabilities test and are only eligible to issue 125% of the amount of senior unsecured debt that was outstanding as of September 30, 2008.  As a result, we believe most community bank holding companies will be required to seek FDIC approval to establish a cap or to increase a cap in order to issue FDIC guaranteed debt.  Based on the FDIC’s updated analysis, this approval seems highly unlikely.

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Using the TLGP Debt Guarantee to Provide Capital

We are having discussions with clients regarding the possibility of issuing FDIC-guaranteed debt under the TLGP’s Debt Guarantee Program at the holding company level and using the proceeds of that debt to increase the capital of the bank subsidiary.  This is particularly attractive for banks that are eligible to report their risk-based capital positions on a bank-only basis.  (The Federal Reserve’s risk-based capital measures are generally applied on a bank-only basis for bank holding companies with consolidated assets of less than $500 million.)

Permissible Use for BHC FDIC-Guaranteed Debt

The FDIC’s Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) explicitly permits a bank holding company to use the proceeds from a guaranteed debt issuance to purchase additional shares of bank stock.

Need to Apply to FDIC for Approval

In our experience, however, most bank holding companies for community banks had no, or very limited amounts of, senior unsecured debt outstanding as of September 30, 2008.  As a result, the bank holding company will have to file a letter application with the FDIC and, if different, the federal banking regulator for its largest subsidiary bank to establish an FDIC-guaranteed debt limit.  The letter application must describe the details of the request, provide a summary of the applicant’s strategic operating plan, and describe the proposed use of the debt proceeds.

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